Gueswende yerbanga
LEH 355 H02W 50910
Assignment DUE 3/22 The
German Revolution of 1918 & Spartacus Uprising 1919
The German Revolution described Germany political movement
and it’s inside turnings at
the end of World War I. By discussing the revolution in Germany
in 1918 to 1919, we have to understand first the conflict between the different
political parties operating in Germany at that time. As a response to
that, Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919) wrote “The Julius Pamphlet” describing Germany
revolution at that time. She also best described the central conflict in
Germany during World War I, tried to make us understand the historical development
that led up to the war and finally gave her opinion about the Marxist ideology.
Rosa
Luxemburg was born
in the small Polish town of Zamosc
on March 5 1871 and was a Marxist
theorist, philosopher, economist and revolutionary
socialist. She was a Polish
Jewish descent who changed
her descent and became naturalized as a German citizen. From early youth, she
was active in the socialist movement and joined a revolutionary party called
Proletariat founded in 1882. In 1915, after Germany got involved in World
War I, she and Karl
Liebknecht co-founded the
anti-war “Spartacus League" which eventually became the Communist Party of
Germany and named themselves “Spartacus”. In addition to that, German militarisms
were opposed to communist from the beginning. A couple of years after that, most
of the communist’s leaders including Luxemburg and Liebknecht got arrested and
jailed. It is during her imprisonment in 1915 that Luxemburg wrote her
essay “The Julius Pamphlet”. She
kept fighting for the communists in Germany until she passed away on January 15
1919.
“Business thrives in
the ruins. Cities become piles of ruins; villages become cemeteries; countries,
deserts; populations are beggared; churches, horse stalls. International law,
treaties and alliances, the most sacred words and the highest authority have
been torn in shreds. Every sovereign “by the grace of God” is called a rogue
and lying scoundrel by his cousin on the other side. Every diplomat is a
cunning rascal to his colleagues in the other party. Every government sees
every other as dooming its own people and worthy only of universal contempt.
There are food riots in Venice, in Lisbon, Moscow, Singapore. There is plague
in Russia, and misery and despair everywhere.”
I chose this passage
from Luxemburg's essays because she is explaining the catastrophic scene in
Germany at this time: a scene that is reflecting the euphoric idea of war in
Germany. War always brings
negative impacts on the economy, environment, and social behavior of the
people. One of the major disadvantages of the war was the fact that it
destroyed Germany’s and the economic cost of the war was too high. Furthermore, the damages caused by the war were significant
which need to be rebuilt after the war over. In general, she means that the war
will affect Germany businesses, cities, village, population, churches,
treaties, international law…
In addition to that, I chose that passage because it a current topic. There
is no country that like war or who want to participate is war but sometimes,
there is no choice: you have to fight when another opponent attacks you.
The passage from Luxemburg's essays and to
today politics is obvious and clear: war may cause a lot of inconvenient. People get injured and killed, the economy get hurt,
the whole country is destructs, the nature and the harmony of the country are
destroyed, and furthermore, it doesn't necessarily result in victory for your
side. War is risky, painful and the country will suffer a big financial
mess. The reparation’s cost for all the big mess will be high and it will take
time for the country to become stable.
In other words, War will create despair and misery.
In conclusion, Luxemburg wrote “The Julius
Pamphlet” to denounce the Germany revolution after World
War I . She also mentioned the inconvenient of war for
Germany that can be applied to any other country that will participate in war.
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